What type of web-pages are their

can you tell me what type of webpages are thier and what are the differences in between all of them.

what I know and heard of is html, htm ,css and so on... But, I really don't know the differences in between them and how and in what times they came..

what is the latest trend and format which is going on now a days. Can someone even explain me more about this as well.

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